Na^+-葡萄糖协同转运体在肿瘤细胞能量代谢中的作用

The roles of sodium-glucose transporters in tumor cell energy metabolism

肿瘤细胞的本质是增加摄取营养物质和代谢的能力,通过改变代谢方式高效利用营养物质的同时快速处理代谢废物实现肿瘤细胞的快速增殖[1].葡萄糖是大多数细胞的能量来源,并且参与了许多生化反应。

Glucose is a major metabolic substrate required for cancer cell survival and growth.Instead,the entry of glucose molecules into the cells is effected by a large family of structurally related transport proteins known as glucose transporters.Two main types of glucose transporters have been identified,namely,the passive facilitative glucose transporters（GLUTs）and the secondary active sodium-coupled glucose transporters（SGLTs）.However,tumor cells may adapt to an ischemic microenvironment by upregulation of SGLTs in the plasma membrane which supplies the tumor cell with glucose even at very low extracellular glucose concentration.Therefore,SGLTs is essential for ischemic and hypoxic tumor cells to uptake glucose.Current research indicates that SGLTs may become a promising biomarker for cancer therapy.