美国后现代主义小说中垃圾元素的文学价值

Literary Value of Trash Elements in American Postmodernist Fiction

美国后现代主义小说不仅在表现形式上而且在文本内容方面都反映了"后现代垃圾现象",体现了垃圾(非创造性)元素的价值;一方面,小说中一些看似毫无意义的"垃圾"语言或内容却是符号系统、文化价值和文本意义的构成要素;另一方面,小说文本中垃圾的频繁呈现,虽然标志着社会经济制度的不合理以及生态环境、人际关系、人的主体性、语言和生活本身的迅速沦丧,却匪夷所思地成为摧毁等级社会结构的战略手段。本文在分析一系列后现代主义小说的基础上揭示语言、意识形态和垃圾元素之间的关系,阐明垃圾元素是后现代主义文学风格、语言实践和文本内容的构成要素。

American postmodernist fiction reflects ＂postmodern trash phenomenon＂ both in form and content, revealing in different aspects the value of trash （unproductive） elements. On one hand, some seemingly meaningless ＂trash＂ language or content in American post.modernist fiction actually becomes the element of constructing semiotic system, cultural value and textual meaning; on the other hand, the frequent appearance of trash in the texts, though embodying the unreasonableness of social economic system and the decline of ecological environment, interpersonal relationship, human subjectivity, language and life itself, is paradoxically a tactical means to destroy hierarchical social structures. Based on the analysis of a series of postmodemist novels, this essay reveals the relationship among language, ideology and trash element, and expounds that trash element is the constitute factor of postmodern literary style, practice and content.