不同养老模式机关离退休老年人生活质量及影响因素分析

Influencing factors of quality of life in retired elderly of the government organs with different endowment patterns

目的了解不同养老模式下南京市区机关离退休老年人生活质量(QOL)及其影响因素。方法采用一般情况调查表、世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对居家和机构养老的机关离退休老人QOL进行调查分析,并采用线性回归分析相关影响因素。结果居家养老模式的老年人QOL总分、生理及社会关系领域得分显著高于机构养老(P<0.05);不同养老模式老年人QOL总分与自评分影响因素不同,居家养老模式的老年人QOL总分及自评分影响因素有睡眠质量、文化程度、健康状况及慢性病种数;机构养老模式的老人QOL总分影响因素有睡眠质量、运动锻炼及慢性病种数,影响自评分的因素则是年龄、运动锻炼及慢性病种数。结论不同养老模式机关离退休老人的生活质量有差异,且影响因素不完全相同,应采取不同的干预措施,以提高老年人生活质量。

Objective To investigate the status of the quality of life（ QOL） and its influencing factors among the retired elderly of the government organs with different endowment patterns in Nanjing city. Methods General information questionnaire,and WHOQOL-BREF were used to analyze the QOL of the retired elderly of family pension and institutional pension,and liner regression analysis was used to assess the influencing factors. Results The scores of QOL,physical field and social relations field were significantly higher in family pension group than those in institutional pension group（ P〈0. 05）. The main influencing factors were quality of sleeping,chronic disease,education,and physical condition in family pension group. And quality of sleeping,excises,education and age were influencing factors of institutional pension elderly. Conclusions The levels of QOL of different endowment patterns are different,and the influencing factors are not identical. Appropriate and corresponding measures should be taken in many ways to help elderly improve their QOL.