基于卫星遥感与气象站数据的水稻高温热害监测和评估模型研究——以江苏、安徽为例

Research on monitoring and modeling of rice heat injury based on satellite and meteorological station data: Case study of Jiangsu and Anhui

随着全球气候变暖,水稻高温热害的发生愈加频繁。为此,本文在前人研究成果的基础上,开展了水稻高温热害监测和评估模型研究。首先利用卫星遥感数据反演逐日最高气温和平均气温,云覆盖区域则以相应站点气温数据插值后补充,生成"卫星—插值"气温时间序列数据。同时提取水稻种植区域并判别其是否在高温热害的关键期——抽穗开花期。然后基于以上数据,依据水稻高温热害指标展开水稻高温热害监测和评估,对热害进行等级划分与统计。模型可实现任意时间点之前水稻高温热害的快速监测与评估,也可以给出全研究区域水稻全生育期总体的高温热害监测与评估结果。以江苏、安徽两省为例进行2013年夏季水稻高温热害监测和评估模型的应用,该模型达到了较好的使用效果,将有很好的应用前景。

With warming climate, heat injury strikes rice more frequently. There is few research on heat injury realtime monitor and assessment, which is urgent and valuable in rice production. Thus, based on previous research achievement, this research focused on the monitoring and assessment of heat injury. First, we analyzed satellite remote data to get the daily mean air temperature and maximum air temperature （the cloudy regions＇ data was replaced by site temperature data interpolation）, which was used to generate the ＇satellite-interpolation＇ time series data. Then, based on the laws of vegetation index development, we acquired the data of rice region. After that, we determined if these region＇s rice was in the florescence. At last, based on these data, we monitored and assessed the heat injury through the heat injury index, and obtained the injury grade and range. This model can be used to monitor and access the high temperature heat damage on rice at any time point, and can also give the results of the monitoring and evaluation of the overall heat damage during the whole growth period of rice. This model achieved satisfactory results in the experiments in Jian^su and Anhui and proved the practice value of the model.