老年人血糖、血脂与生活方式的相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation of the levels of blood glucose,blood lipid with lifestyles of elderly people

目的了解无锡市老年人血糖、血脂水平,并探索与生活方式的相关性。方法随机抽取6个社区的558例65岁~67岁老年人进行问卷调查、体格检查和血糖、血脂测定。采用χ2检验、Fisher精确检验和多元Logistic回归分析探索血糖、血脂与生活方式之间的关系。结果研究对象的空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)及总胆固醇(TC)水平分别为5.20 mmol/L、1.24 mmol/L和4.80 mmol/L。高血糖患病率、TG边缘升高率、高TG血症患病率、TC边缘升高率及高TC血症患病率分别为13.1%、12.4%、10.2%、21.1%和9.3%。吸烟者FPG升高的风险是非吸烟者的3.1倍;每天运动时间<30 min者FPG升高的风险和TG升高的风险分别是每天运动时间≥30 min者的2.5倍和1.8倍;非素食为主者TG升高的风险及TC升高的风险分别是素食为主者的3.8倍和6.6倍。结论无锡市老年人血糖、血脂水平与生活方式有密切关联,应在老年人群中开展以宣教合理运动、健康饮食和戒烟为主的健康教育。

Objective To investigate the levels of blood glucose and blood lipid, and to explore the relationship with lifestyles. Methods Questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood glucose and blood lipid determinations were conducted for 558 in- dividuals aged 65 to 67 and selected by random sampling from 6 communities in Wuxi. Chi - square test, Fisher exact test and multiple Logistic regression model were used to analyze the correlation between blood glucose, blood lipid and lifestyles. Results The levels of fasting plasma glucose （ FPG）, triglyceride （TG） and total cholesterol （TC） were 5.20 retool/L, 1.24 mmol/L and 4.80 mmol/L, respectively. The prevalence rates of hyperglycaemia, borderline high triglyceride, hypertriglyceri- demia, borderline high cholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia were 13.1%, 12.4% , 10.2%, 21.1% and 9.3%, respec- tively. Smokers had a higher risk of hyperglycaemia than those without smoking（ OR --- 3.1 ）. Those exercised lower than 30 rain per day had a higher risk of hyperglycaemia（ OR = 2.5） and hypertriglyceridemia（ OR = 1.8 ） than those exercised above than 30 min per day. Compared with the individuals with vegetarian dominant, those without vegetarian dominant had a higher risk of hypertriglyceridemia（ OR = 3.8） and hypercholesterolemia （ OR = 6.6 ）. Conclusion The levels of blood glucose and blood lipid are closely related to the lifestyles of elderly people. Thus, it is important to conduct health education including reasonable exercise, healthy diet and stop smoking.