赛珍珠中国题材小说的通俗化特征及价值重估

Popularization Characteristics and Value Revaluation of Pearl S. Buck's Chinese Theme Writings

中西学界对赛珍珠小说的文学史定位与评价向来毁誉参半。赛珍珠中国题材的小说,在思想内容方面,出于对中国、中国人、中国文化的亲近与热爱,主人公都是中国传统规范的践行者,其批判性逊色于同时期的精英文学代表作家鲁迅与通俗文学代表作家张恨水;在艺术表现形式上,表现为结构的传统性,人物刻画的类型化与模式化、情节的传奇性,有别于同时期的精英文学,而与通俗文学接近;其受众和接受状况,更是具有通俗文学特征。这与赛珍珠接受的早期教育、与赛珍珠对小说的定位、与赛珍珠独特的身份等三个方面因素有关。赛珍珠小说的通俗性是无法回避也毋庸回避的事实,从时间、空间维度对赛珍珠小说及其通俗性进行价值重估,对于我们正确认识赛珍珠作品的通俗性以及其与通俗文学的亲缘关系至关重要。

The evaluation and positioning of Pearl S. Buck＇ s novels in literary history by Chinese and western academic circles has always been bipolar. As far as Buck ＇ s Chinese theme writings, in terms of ideological content, out of intimacy with and love for China, Chinese and Chinese culture, the protagonists are nothing but Chinese traditional standard practitioners, and the criticality is inferior to Lu Xun or Zhang Henshui who are the representative writer of elite literature and popular literature respectively. In the form of artistic expression, Buck＇ s novels are characterized by traditionalism in structure and stereotyping and pattering in character por- trayal as well as romanticizing in plot, which differ from elite literature in the same period and verge on popular literature. Readers and acceptance status of Buck ＇ s novels are also of popular literature trait. Formation and causes of these characteristics are relevant to three factors such as early education Buck receives, Buck＇ s positioning of her novels and her unique identity. Popularization of Buck＇ s novels is an inevitable fact that is unnecessary to cover up. Revaluing Buck＇ s novels and their popularization from time and space perspectives is of vital importance to properly acknowledge popularization of Buck ＇ s works and its genetic relationship with popular literature.