中国大学距离世界一流有多远——基于大学排名与学术竞争力的视角

Comparison of Top Chinese Universities with World-class Universities

以国际公认程度较高的QS、THE、USNEWS和ARWU四大排名作为基础,从横向、纵向和单项指标三个方面系统研究我国C9高校的表现,同时运用DEA分析方法对中外一流高校的学术竞争力(科研绩效)进行对比,结果表明:经过多年发展C9高校综合实力取得显著进步,但与世界一流大学尚有不小差距;C9高校存在高水平论文不足以及论文篇均被引数较低、师资建设投入匮乏、国际合作质量有待提高等问题。世界一流高校的学术竞争力显著高于我国高校,其科研总体效率、规模效率均较高;C9高校的科研资源利用效率尚有提升的空间。在以质量治理为核心的改革进程中,我国推进世界一流大学建设任重道远。

Based on QS, THE, USNEWS and ARWU which are internationally recognized, the research, from the aspects of lateral, longitudinal and single parameter, studies the performance of C9 college in China, and makes a comparison of academic competitiveness between the Chinese and foreign first-class universities by using DEA analysis method. The findings are as follows： the comprehensive strength of C9 college has made remarkable progress after years of development, but there is still a big gap with world-class universities; there are several problems existing in C9, such as the shortage and low citation of high level research papers, inadequate investment on teachers construction, low quality of international cooperation and so on. The academic competitiveness of the world-class universities is significantly higher than that of our country. The overall efficiency and scale efficiency of the scientific research is higher, and the utilization efficiency of the scientific research resources of C9 university has the space to improve.Therefore, in the reform process of ＂taking the quality management as the core＂, China has a long way to go to promote the construction of a world-class university.