传统农区村落位序—规模法则的实证研究——以周口市为例

A Rethink of the Rank-Size Rule for Rural Settlement in Traditional Agricultural Areas: A Case Study of Zhoukou City

以传统农区周口市域的村落数据为基础,引入不同村落规模分布模型,试图检验不同模型对村落位序—规模的拟合效果,以期为村落的规模分布提供可靠的理论依据。结果显示:①城市位序—规模法则和村落位序—规模法则属于不同的分布函数。在模拟村落位序—规模分布中,村落位序—规模法则优于城镇位序—规模法则。②城市位序规模法则倾向于从城市化的角度解释村落的规模分布,而常忽略其他因素对村落的影响;村落位序—规模法则从村落自身的角度解释村落的发展问题。③在预测村落未来发展方面,村落位序规模法则优于城市位序—规模法则。城市位序规模法则是从一个静态的视角看待聚落的变化,而村落位序—规模法则可用村落规模变化率来表征村落规模的分布规律,其实质是用演化的、动态的视角看待村落规模变化。

Based on different size distribution model of rural settlement, the paper attempts to test the fitting effect of different model, in order to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the size distribution of the rural settlement. The result shows： （1） City Rank-Size Rule and Rural Settlement Rank-Size Rule belong to different distribution functions. According to the simulation Rural Settlement Rank-Size distribution, Rural Settlement Rank-Size Rule is better than the City Rank-Size Rule. （2）Cities Rank-Size Rule tends to interpret rural settlement size distribution from the perspective of urbanization, and often ignores the impact of other factors on the villages. Rural Settlement Rank-Size Rule interpretsrural settlement development issues from the perspective of themselves. （3） The Rural Settlement Rank-Size Rule is superior to City Rank-Size Rule on the aspect of predicting the future development of the rural settlement. Urban Rank-size Rule views settlements changes from a static perspective, and Rural Settlement Rank-Size Rule is available to characterize settlement Rank-Size System with the changing rate, whose essence is an evolutive, dynamic perspective of the rural settlement size change.