量子点敏化太阳能电池对电极研究进展

Research Progress of Counter Electrodes for Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells

对电极(CE)是量子点敏化太阳能电池(QDSSCs)的重要组成部分之一,改进对电极的综合性能是提高QDSSCs能量转换效率(PCE)的有效手段。本文简要介绍了对电极应具备的性能,并按不同材料的使用,分类阐述了金属、导电聚合物、碳、无机金属化合物以及它们的复合材料对电极的制备方法和研究进展。其中,以铜、钴、铅的硫化物等为主的无机金属化合物对电极催化活性高,成本低,研究最为广泛;导电聚合物、新型碳材料以及各类复合材料对电极也因其各自的优势在量子点敏化太阳能电池中的研究越来越成熟。

The counter electrode （CE） is an important part of a quantum dot-sensitized solar cell （QDSSC）. Improving CE performance is an effective approach to enhance the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of QDSSCs. In this paper, the required properties of CEs are briefly introduced. Recent progress in the study and fabrication methods of QDSSC CEs composed of various materials, including metals, conductive polymers, carbon, metal sulfide, other inorganic metallic compounds, and composites, are reviewed. CEs made of inorganic metallic compounds like copper sulfide, cobalt sulfide, and lead sulfide are the most widely studied because of their high catalytic ability and low cost. Meanwhile, research on CEs made of conductive polymers, new carbon materials, and a variety of composite materials is expanding because of their respective advantages.