基础教育、高等教育、企业以及教育管理部门协同开展STEM教育——美国《印第安纳州科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)行动计划》的启示

Basic Education, Higher Education, Enterprise and Education Management Departments Carrying Out STEM Education Collaboratively:An Enlightenment from Indiana's Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Initiative Plan

国内关于STEM教育的研究偏重于理论、模式、方法和案例等,而对于如何将基础教育、高等教育、企业、教育管理部门协同来实施STEM教育的研究有待丰富。美国《印第安纳州科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)行动计划》提出基础教育、高等教育、企业(工业与商业)以及教育管理部门协同开展STEM教育。文章针对我国STEM教育的现状,认为我国STEM教育应该:面向STEM职业需求,协同建构STEM教育目标;基础教育和高等教育合作设计课程,提升学生STEM知识与技能;高等教育和企业支持教师专业发展,提升STEM教师教学能力;组建STEM教育的管理部门,制定和完善STEM教育政策。

Researches on STEM education in China focus on its theories, models, methods and cases etc. However, the research on how to implement STEM education through the collaboration of basic education, higher education, enterprise and education management department is insufficient. Indiana＇s Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics （STEM） Initiative Plan in America proposes that basic education, higher education, enterprise （business and industry） and education management department should conduct STEM education collaboratively. According to the status of STEM education in China, this study suggests that in China, faced with STEM career needs, STEM education needs to construct instructional objectives collaboratively and to design courses through collaboration of basic education and higher education for the purpose of improving students＂ STEM knowledge and skills. Teachers＂ professional development should be supported by higher education and enterprise in order to enhance STEM teachers＂ teaching competence. The management department of STEM education should be established and the policy of STEM education needs to be developed and improved.