面向区域与要素的城市1∶2000地形图数据库增量更新方法

The Updating Methods of the 1 ∶ 2000 Topographic Map Database for Cities Based on Feature and Area

大比例尺地形图数据库的更新是一项长期的重要任务。本文分析了1∶2000地形图数据库快速更新的难点,提出了一种航空摄影与卫星遥感、区域更新与要素更新相结合的大比例尺地形图数据库半自动快速更新方法。采用变化检测方法从更新前后卫星遥感影像中提取变化区域和变化要素,然后分别采用面向区域和面向要素的方法从高分辨率航空影像上测量变化地物,最后通过半自动空间实体匹配的方法建立现状库与历史库中要素的回溯关联,从而实现地形图数据库的半自动增量式快速更新。利用该方法对中山市东区的1∶2000地形图进行了更新试验。试验结果表明,引入卫星影像进行自动变化检测后,在航空影像上分区域和要素两种模式采集更新城市大比例尺地形图数据库,效率比传统方法提高25%。

Updating of the large-scale topographic map database is an important long-term task. The difficulty of rapid updating of 1 ： 2000 topographic map database is analyzed, a semi-automatic and rapid updating method of large scale topographic map database combining aerial photography, satellite remote sensing, area updating and feature updating is proposed. The changed areas and features are extracted from the satellite images before and after the update by using the change detection method. Then the area-oriented and feature-orlented methods are used to measure the changes from high-resolution aerial images. Finally, semi-automatic spatial entity matching method is used to establish the backtracking association between the status database and the historical database, so as to realize semi-automatic and incremental updating of the topographic database. The method was used to update the 1 ： 2000 topographic map of the eastern area of Zhongshan. The experimental results show that the method of updating the urban large-scale topographic map database using the feature and the area pattern with the satellite image has improved the efficiency by 25% compared with the traditional method.