正规就业与非正规就业中户籍歧视力度探究——基于倾向值匹配的分析

Research on the Household Discrimination between the Formal and Informal Employment:Based on Propensity Score Matching

人力资本分割与户籍歧视共同构成一种就业路径锁定机制,这种机制会排斥一部分人进入正规就业部门,特别是具有人身依附性的户籍制度所形成的分割壁垒更为严重。采用中国综合社会调查数据(CGSS)2013年最新数据,在使用PSM方法来控制样本选择偏误和内生性问题的基础上来探究户籍歧视在正规就业与非正规就业选择中影响的净效应。结果表明:在剥离人力资本方面差异导致的内生性之后,拥有非农业户口的个体选择正规就业的可能性比拥有农业户口的个体高出大约13个百分点。因此要正视黏着于户籍属性的隐性身份歧视,加大歧视制度的辨识力度,消除歧视机制,提高社会流动性。

The human capital segmentation and the household discrimination constitute a locking mechanism of employment path. This mechanism can reject some people into the formal employment sector. Especially,the segmentation barriers stem from the household registration system which can stick to a person are more serious. According to the latest data of China＇s general survey（ CGSS） in 2013,this article tries to exactly explore the net effect of household discrimination in the choice of between the formal employment and the informal employment by using the PSM method to control the sample selection bias and endogenous problems. The research results show that the possibility that the people who hold the non- agricultural registered permanent residence engage in the formal employment is about 13% higher than the possibility that the people who hold the agricultural registered permanent residence engage in the formal employment. Hence,it is important to envisage the implicit identity discrimination that stems from the household registration system,cultivate the discerning ability of discrimination,eliminate the discrimination mechanism and improve the social mobility.