生产性服务业集聚有助于降低碳排放吗?

Is Agglomeration of Producer Services Helpful to Reduce Carbon Emissions?

在集聚经济理论框架下,系统探讨生产性服务业集聚对碳排放的影响机理和实现机制,采用面板FGLS法实证检验我国1999—2013年省级面板数据生产性服务业专业化集聚和多样化集聚对碳排放的综合影响。结果显示:在全国层面专业化集聚有助于促进碳排放降低;而多样化集聚促进了碳排放增加。分地区层面专业化集聚和多样化集聚只在中部地区促进降低了碳排放,在东西部地区作用效果不明显。进一步,分行业层面的检验结果显示,六大生产性服务行业中只有电力煤气供水与批发和零售业的专业化集聚显著促进了碳排放降低;科技服务和地质勘查的专业化集聚和多样化集聚指标虽不显著,但符号显示其促进碳排放降低;其他五个行业的多样化集聚明显有助于碳排放增加。分析发现生产性服务业与制造业发展规模不匹配、融合程度低是无法形成有效减排机制的主要原因。因此,当前政府的工作重点是努力实现产业结构在合理比例与深度融合的基础上协调发展,通过产业集聚效应促进节能减排,实现低碳经济发展。

Based on the theoretical framework of agglomeration economy, this paper suggests systemically the effects mecha- nism of producer services agglomeration on carbon emission and the implementation mechanism, and empirically test the com- prehensive influence of the producer services agglomeration specialization and diversification agglomeration on the carbon emis- sion by the FGLS method with 1999 - 2013 provincial panel data of China. The results show that specialized agglomeration re- duces carbon emission while diversified agglomeration dose increase all over the country. Sub-regional level specialization and diversification agglomeration only contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions in the central areas but have no obvious effect in the eastern and western. Further,the sub-regional level of the test results show that in the six productive service industries, only the specialized agglomeration reduces carbon emission of electricity Gas Supply and Wholesale ＆ Retail Industry signifi- cantly ; In Science and Technology Services and Geological Prospecting, the symbol shows the specialization of agglomeration and diversified agglomeration promote carbon emission reduction though the indicators are not significant;the diversified agglomera- tion of the other five industries significantly raise the carbon emissions. The analysis reveals the mechanism to reduce emissions is ineffective because the scale of services production does not match the manufacturing industry that leads to low degree of inte- gration. Therefore, currently the government should make focus on achieving coordinated development of the industrial structure with reasonable proportion and depth integration and promoting low carbon economy development by energy conservation and e- mission reduction and industrial agglomeration effect.