影响燃煤电站锅炉经济性的参数分析

Analysis of Parameters Affecting the Boiler Economic Efficiency of Coal-fired Power Plant

电站锅炉的热经济性用锅炉效率来衡量,计算锅炉效率的方法有两种:正平衡法和反平衡法。在锅炉设计或热效率试验时常用反平衡法,因为反平衡法要求出各项损失,在计算各项热损失时,可以找出影响各项热损失的参数及其影响规律,从而可以有针对性地找出提高锅炉效率的措施。以某电厂锅炉为例,通过分析得出影响其热效率的参数主要有:飞灰含碳量、炉渣含碳量、排烟温度和排烟处的过量空气系数,并分别找出了排烟温度、排烟处的过量空气系数、飞灰(炉渣)含碳量对锅炉效率的影响规律。

The boiler thermal efficiency of power plant is measured by the boiler efficiency,and there are two methods for the calculation of boiler efficiency： direct balance and indirect balance.The indirect balance method is usually used in the boiler design or thermal efficiency test, because the indirect balance method will determine all losses, and upon the calculation of all heat losses, it can find out the parameter affecting all heat losses and the influence rule, and thus pertinent measures for improving the boiler efficiency can be found out.Exampled by the boiler of a power plant, through the analysis ,we can figure out the parameters affecting heat efficiency ,including unburned carbon in fly ash, carbon content of slag,exhaust gas temperature and the excess air coefficient at the smoke discharge place, and the rules of influences of exhaust gas temperature, excess air coefficient at the smoke discharge place, unburned carbon in fly ash（carbon content of slag） on the boiler efficiency are worked out,respectively.