先秦比类思维的发展路向漫谈——以《吕氏春秋》之前为考察对象

Talking about the Development of the Analogical Thinking in the Pre-Qin Period——Taking the Period before Lu's Spring and Autumn as the Subject of Investigation

比类思维是类思维的一种重要的分支形态。在先秦思维史中,比类思维的发展路向有三:其一为文学路向,以《诗经》中"比"与"比兴"思维的广泛运用为代表;其二为易学路向,以《周易》中"取象比类"思维的大力彰显为代表;其三为美学路向,以先秦各家各派对"观物比德"思维的探究应用为代表。然而,确而言之,《吕氏春秋》之前的比类思维发展大体停留在有比无推的阶段,属于中国比类思维发展史上的初期形态。

The analogical thinking is an important branch of the kind thought.In the history of thought in the pre-Qin period, there are three ways to develop the analogical thinking.The first is literature, with the extensive use oF＇Book of Songs＂ in the Bi-Xing as the representative.The second is Yiology, with the vigorously highlight of ＂the book of change＂ in the taking image and analogizing as the representative.The third is esthetics, with the discussion of various sects in the analogizing by observe things as the represen- tative.However, the analogical thinking generally belongs to the stage that there is comparison but no reasoning before the Lti＇s Com- mentaries of History.