从诗歌看唐人对武则天的评价——兼论唐诗的自由品质和现实精神

The Study of the Evaluation of Wu Zetian from the Poetry in the Tang Dynasty——Another Discussion on the Free Quality and Realistic Spirit of the Poetry in the Tang Dynasty

武则天的功过是非历来备受争议,但前人的研究多基于历史典籍或小说、戏曲、影视作品,而诗歌却未受到重视。唐代诗歌对武则天持普遍歌颂的态度,这与唐文、唐史有所不同,也与后世诗歌存在很大差异。究其原因,一是诗歌不同于公文,与政治关系相对疏远,更多地反映了诗人的本真情感;二是唐代武则天形象还未经过后代史学家和理学家的歪曲;三是唐诗并不关注武则天那些没有现实借鉴意义的私生活。唐代关于武则天的诗歌体现了唐诗可贵的自由品质和现实精神。

Wu Zetian＇s merits and demerits have always been controversial. Previous studies are mostly based on the history books, novels, drama, film or television works, but poetries have not been paid attention to. The evaluation of Wu Zetian of the po- etry in the Tang Dynasty is different from the prose and the history of the Dynasty. There are big differences with the later poetry also. Investigate its reason, one is the poetry is different from the document. The poetry reflects the poet＇s true emotion which has relative political alienation. The second is Wu Zetian＇s image is not distorted by generations of historians and thinkers in future generations. The third is the poetry of the Tang Dynasty are not concerned about Wu Zetian＇s private life that no practical significance,The poetry about Wu Zetian＇s in the Tang Dynasty reflects the valuable free quality and realistic spirit.