英国伦敦地铁的安全认证与监管制度分析

Analysis of Safety Certification and Supervision Institution of London Underground

分析了英国的城市轨道交通监管法律和监管构架。认为安全认证、认可和授权是英国轨道交通监管的核心内容。监管框架包括交通运输部、铁路条例办公室和女王陛下的轨道交通督查机构。安全认证分为运营和基础设施管理,并构成了从安全设计、建设、运营、维护的全程安全认证和监管,以及从内部组织的安全审查到专业机构ORR-HMR对其的安全评估。还分析了事故调查和处理的方式和内容。认为轨道交通的安全法规建设和安全认证制度是当前我国城市轨道交通建设的紧要任务。

The paper analyses the regulations and oversight of urban rail transit in UK.The safety certifications and authorizations are the core of rail regulation in UK.The regulation framework includes Department of Transport, Office of Rail Regulation and Her Majesty's Railway Inspectorate. The safety certifications and authorizations can be divided into two parts,operation and infrastructure. And they provide certification and supervision for the design, construction,operation and maintenance.The safety certifications also include inter-certification and ORR-HMR assessment.The paper also explains the investigation of accidents and incidents in UK.Irs suggested that the important tasks of urban rail transit in China,are construction of safety certification law and safety certifications regulation.