2011—2015年新疆伊犁州HIV新报告病例中新发感染分析

Epidemiological analysis of recent infection among newly reported HIV cases in Ili prefecture, Xinjiang from 2011 to 2015

目的分析新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州(伊犁州)近五年HIV新发感染比例,为当地制定防治措施提供依据。方法对2011—2015年伊犁州新报告的病例开展BED检测,结合艾滋病疫情库信息,比较分析不同人群中HIV新发感染比例。结果新报告病例以维吾尔族为主,男性、30岁以上和已婚状况居多,文化程度偏低;总体HIV新发感染比例为21.35%,5年数据呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.74,P=0.013);同性传播者比例最高,经异性传播次之,经注射毒品传播最低,不同传播途径差异有统计学意义(χ~2=28.52,P=0.000);12~30岁病人比例最高,其次为50岁以上组,30~50岁最低,不同年龄组差异有统计学意义(χ~2=94.15,P=0.000)。结论新疆伊犁州近五年男男同性恋人群艾滋病新发感染者比例增长显著,感染对象呈现年轻化和老年化两种趋势,可据此调整当地的现行防治措施。

Objective To analyze the proportion of recent infection among those newly reported HIV cases in Ili prefecture for recent 5 years, to provide basis for formulating health prevention strategy in local area. Methods All newly reported HIV cases were carry out BED HIV-1 incidence capture enzyme immunoassay（BED-CEIA）. The proportions of BED positive in different people were compared on basis of the population characteristics. Results The most of newly reported cases were Uygur, male, at age above 30 years and married couple, with less education background. The total proportion of recent infection was 21.35%, showing an increase trend from 2011 to 2015（χ^2=12.74, P=0.013）. The most were homosexual transmission, then the heterosexual and the least drug injection. There were significant differences among different transmission routes（χ^2=28.52, P=0.000）. The patients were the most in age group of 12-30 years, then in group over 50 years and the least in group of 30 to 50 years, with statistical difference（χ^2=94.15, P=0.000）. Conclusions The epidemic of homosexual population increases obviously in Ili prefecture, Xinjiang in recent 5 years. The infection tends to be concentrating in young and aging people. The current prevention strategies should be adjusted accordingly.