2种不同无偿献血模式输血相关传染病检测结果的比较

Comparison of test results of transfusion relevant infectious diseases between two different models of voluntary blood donation

目的:比较分析2011-2015年南宁市互助献血与自愿无偿献血者输血相关传染病检测结果之间的差异,为采供血机构制定有效措施提供统计学支持。方法:对南宁市2011-2015年无偿献血者588 194人次(自愿无偿献血者375 023人次,互助献血者213 171人次)的血液标本运用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)、梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体(抗-TP)并进行统计分析。结果:2011-2015年互助献血人数呈逐年增长的趋势(P<0.05);尽管互助献者HBsAg(P<0.05)和抗-TP(P<0.01)的阳性率呈下降的趋势,但互助总的阳性率(1.90%)显著高于自愿无偿献血总阳性率(1.11%)(P<0.01),OR=1.709,95%CI=1.640~1.780。结论:过高的互助献血比率,其潜在的输血风险性高于来源自愿无偿献血,采供血机构应该依法推动无偿献血工作,加强互助献血管理,严格控制互助献血启动的条件、标准和范围,不断降低互助献血率。

Objective：To comparative analyze the differences of test results of transfusion relevant infectious diseases between mutual aid donors and voluntary non-remunerated blood donors in Nanning from 2011 to 2015, in order to provide statistical support for blood banks to develop effective measures. Method： HBsAg, anti-HCV, an- ti-HIV and anti-TP of 588 194 blood specimens were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and the results＇were statistically analyzed. Result：The number of mutual blood donation was in a trend of increas- ing year by year （P〈0.05）. Although the positive rate of HBsAg （P〈0. 05） and anti - TP （P〈0.01） of mutual aid donors were downward trend, but the total positive rate（1.90%）of mutual aid donors was significantly higher than that of voluntary non-remunerated blood donors＇s （1.11%） （P〈0.01, OR = 1. 709, 95% CI = 1. 640 to 1. 780）. Conclusion：The more higher rate of mutual blood donation, the more higher potential blood transfusion risk, compared to voluntary unpaid blood donation. Blood services should promote the voluntary blood donation work in accordance with the law, strengthen mutual blood donation management, strictly control the start-up con- dition, standard and scope of mutual blood donation, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the rate of mutual blood donation. Key words mutual aid donors; blood transfusion safety; transfusion relevant infectious diseases; enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay