硬质支气管镜联合纤维支气管镜探查在176例气道梗阻患儿中的应用

Rigid bronchoscope combined with fiber bronchoscope application in 176 children with airway obstruction

目的探讨硬质支气管镜联合纤维支气管镜在气道梗阻患儿中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2006年1月1日~2016年1月1日在我院诊治的176例气道梗阻患儿的临床资料。结果所有患儿均在全身麻醉下行硬质支气管镜联合纤维支气管镜检查并根据不同病因进行干预。104例气道异物患者均取得了满意的效果,2例支气管异物(笔帽)患儿检查发现异物嵌顿,支气管镜下未能取出,联系胸外科医师开胸及时取出异物。10例塑形性支气管炎患者经硬质支气管联合纤维支气管镜检查并治疗后症状好转或消失。7例支气管结核患者经抗结核治疗后治愈或好转。4例气道肿瘤患者进行了微创手术,取得了良好的效果,2例转外院治疗。2例气管狭窄的患者,转呼吸科行扩张术后症状减轻。支气管肉芽、气管软化、支气管软化,支气管闭锁患者进行支持对症治疗后梗阻症状好转。本组所有肺炎患者经支气管镜下灌洗及抗感染、对症治疗后均治愈。结论硬质支气管镜和纤维支气管镜对诊治儿童气道梗阻均具有重要的意义,两者各有优缺点,联合应用可以发挥各自的优势,取长补短,从而提高疾病诊断的准确率并对患者及时进行干预。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of rigid bronchoscope combined with fiber bronchoscope application in children with airway obstruction.METHODS Retrospective analysis of 176 cases children with airway obstruction from January 1, 2006 to January1, 2016, all patients were diagnosised and treated in our hospital. RESULTS All children were acceptted rigid bronchoscopy combined with fiber bronchoscope under general anesthesia, then received the different thrapy according to the different causes. 104 patients with airway foreign body were all obtained satisfactory effect, 2 cases of children with bronchial foreign body（cap） inspection, failed to remove and contact thoracic surgery doctors to remove the foreign body by thoracotomy. 10 plastic bronchitis patients improved after treatment or cured. 7 cases of bronchial tuberculosis were cured after treatment. 4 patients with airway tumor after minimally invasive surgery, obtained good effect, 2 cases were turned to the other cancer hospital. 2 cases of patients with tracheal stenosis, the symptom is reduced after expansion. Bronchial granulation, tracheomalacia, bronchial softening, bronchial atresia patients improved after treatment. This group of all patients with pneumonia were cured after symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSION Rigid bronchoscopy and fiber bronchoscope are both useful for diagnosis and treatment of children with airway obstruction, both have its advantages and disadvantages, combined application can improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis and timely intervention on the patients.