微针用于生物大分子及纳米药物透皮给药的尝试与挑战

The Existing State and Challenges on Transdermal Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals and Its Nanoparticles by Microneedle Patches

生物大分子及纳米药物,比如,亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、以及针对真皮层的治疗药物,作为近年来新兴的治疗药物,在有些治疗领域有着透皮给药的需求。由于具有靶向性高,疗效显著等特点,生物大分子及纳米药物逐渐成为新的研究热点。微针作为一种新型的给药技术,不仅具有无痛、给药方便等优点,而且运用物理手段可大幅提高大分子甚至纳米药物的透皮吸收及皮层靶向,能够避过胃肠道消化作用以及肝脏首过效用。将微针技术与生物大分子药物相结合,能够同时发挥两者的优势,实现高靶向生物药物的无痛给药。本文简述微针透皮给药技术、以及生物大分子给药的研究进展,对微针技术用于生物大分子及纳米药物透皮给药的尝试研究做了介绍和总结,对存在的技术挑战进行了分析和展望。

As emerging therapeutical drugs, it has a great demand of transdermal delivery of biopharmaceutical macromolecular drugs and their nanoparticles, for example, subunit vaccine, nucleic acid, and dermis-targeting therapeuticals. Due to their highly-targeting ability and potent efficacy, biopharmaceutical macromolecular drugs have drawn great attractiveness and become a new hot spot.Meanwhile, microneedle is not only a painlessness and easy-adapting transdermal system, but also can promote the absorption and targeting of biopharmaceutical macromolecular drugs and their nanoparticles via physical routes. Hopefully, researchers combined microneedle technology with biopharmaceutical macromolecular drugs to maximize their advantages. In this review, we presented research progress and advantages on microneedle, biopharmaceutical macromolecular drugs and their nanoparticles, illustrated the success of the combination of microneedle and biopharmaceuticals and its nanoparticles, and stated the challenges of their combination.