无因管理人损害救济制度研究

Research of the Loss Relief System of Negotiorum gestio

作为一种法定之债,无因管理制度的内容设置,是立法者在对本人利益、管理人利益以及社会利益进行权衡后所作的选择,其中管理人的损害救济问题是本人与管理人权利义务关系内容中的重要组成部分。见义勇为的定性实际上应属于一种典型的无因管理行为,然而目前立法的模糊导致对两者关系的误解及司法适用的混乱,因此,统一两种制度的损失救济规范具有必要性。通过对管理人因管理事务而遭受的损失承担适当补偿责任才更符合无因管理的制度目的及基本精神,同时补偿规则的研究对补偿额的确定、调整、减轻和免除也具有指导作用。

As a kind of legal debt, the content setting of negotiorum gestio system is a choice made by the legislators with weighing the interests of the principal, administrator and society. The system of remedy for administrator＇s damage is an important part of the rights and obligations relationship between the principal and administrator. The definition of the act of good Samaritan is a typical gestio behavior, however the current fuzzy legislation leads to misunderstanding and chaos in the judicial application. Therefore, the unity of the loss relief norms is necessary. The appropriate compensation responsibility for administrator＇s losses suffered in the regulatory affairs should be borne. It is in line with the purpose and basic spirit of negotiorum gestio system. Meanwhile the research of the compensation rules provides significant guidance to the determination, adjustment, alleviation and elimination of the amount of compensation.