美国2017财年国防采购与研发预算简析

An Analysis of Procurement and RDT&E Budget of U. S. Department of Defense in Fiscal Year 2017

国防预算是国家战略的反映,"亚太再平衡"的地缘战略、建立太空威慑的安全战略、打赢未来战争的军事战略和后危机时代的经济环境是美国2017年国防预算制定的环境背景。在这一背景下,本文首先对美国2017财年国防预算授权的整体情况进行了梳理,简要分析了预算资源在采购和研发项目上的配置情况。在国防预算呈下降趋势下,美国2017财年采购预算削减了2.40%,并在结构上作出了优化,重点保障舰船、空间项目等战略方向的采购需求。美国2017财年研发预算更是增加了2.56%,体现出装备研发在国防建设中的重要地位。最后,在分析的基础上提出了对进一步完善我国国防预算制度和优化国防预算资源配置的几点启示。

Defense budget refl ects the national strategies. The background of defense budgeting includes the geopolitical strategy called＂Asia-pacific rebalancing＂, the security strategy to establish space deterrence, the military strategy of winning wars of future and the post-crisis economic environment. Firstly, this paper analyzes the national defense authorization in fi scal year 2017. Secondly, this paper analyzes the allocation of budget resource on procurement and RDT＆E. Under the background of budget declining, the procurement budget declines 2.40%, and its structure is optimized, emphasizing the ships and space projects which are fi rmly connected with strategy. Moreover, the RDT＆E budget increases 2.56%, which indicates the important position of equipment research and development in defense building. Lastly, three ways are proposed to improve defense budget system and to optimize defense budget allocation.