核酸定量检测应用于HIV-1感染诊断的研究

Application of quantitative HIV RNA detection in HIV-1 Diagnosis

目的探讨核酸定量检测在1型艾滋病病毒(HIV-1)感染诊断中的应用。方法选取云南省德宏州216例样本,包括136例HIV-1阳性母亲所生活产婴儿和80例HIV-1阳性成人,分别用HIV-1核酸定性和定量方法进行检测,综合对比分析2种方法的检测结果。结果 216例样本的核酸定性和定量检测试验一致性极好,53例样本(50例成人样本和3例婴儿样本)核酸阳性,血浆病毒载量>5 000拷贝/mL。随访50例成人样本的蛋白印迹试验(WB),均为确证HIV-1抗体阳性。163例阴性样本(30例成人样本和133例婴儿样本)核酸阴性,血浆病毒载量低于检测下限。结论当血浆病毒载量>5 000拷贝/mL,核酸定量检测试验对于HIV-1感染阳性样本是一种有效的实验室诊断方法。

Objective To investigate the quantitative detection of nucleic acids for HIV-1diagnosis.Methods216 samples were selected in Dehong,Yunnan including 136 babies born to HIV-1positive mothers and 80 HIV-1positive adults,and were detected with HIV-1qualitative and quantitative assays of nucleic acid.Results Two assays were compared and analyzed.Results 216 samples showed an excellent consistency between qualitative and quantitative assays.53samples（50adults and 3babies）were nucleic acid positive,and their plasma viral load is more than 5000CPs/ml.50 adults were followed-up and their results of WB confirmatory test were positive for HIV-1antibody.163samples（30adults and 133babies）were nucleic acid negative,and plasma viral load was lower than that of detection limit.Conclusion when the plasma viral load is more than 5000CPs/ml,quantitative detection of nucleic acids is an efficient method to discriminate the positive results.