HIV抗体检测替代策略在全人群中推广应用的可行性研究

Feasibility of an alternative strategy for HIV antibody testing in all kinds of population

目的评价艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测替代策略在各类人群中检测HIV抗体的可靠性,探讨HIV抗体替代策略在全人群中推广的可行性。方法对1 040份筛查阳性的样本,用6种不同的快速试剂、1种酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)试剂及蛋白印迹法(WB)同时进行检测,对WB不确定样本做病毒载量(VL)检测,对检测结果进行比较。结果 1 040份筛查阳性样本中,WB检测结果为阳性的有1 007份,当2种快速试剂检测结果为阳性,ELISA试剂检测结果 S/CO≥1时,一致性为100%;WB检测结果为不确定,且VL检测结果为阳性的有20份,当2种快速试剂检测结果为阳性,ELISA试剂检测结果 S/CO≥6时,一致性为100%;以上结果在各类人群中均一致。结论当2种快速试剂检测结果为阳性,且ELISA试剂检测结果 S/CO≥6时,与WB或VL检测结果一致性达到100%,可以替代WB确证检测。在保证检测试剂质量的情况下,将HIV抗体检测替代策略向全人群推广应用是可行的。

Objective To evaluate the reliability of an alternative strategy for HIV antibody testing and discuss the feasibility to adopt this strategy in all kinds of population.Methods The screened HIV positive samples were tested by six rapid test reagents,followed by one ELISA reagent and Western Blot.HIV viral load testing was applied to the indeterminate results after the Western Blot testing.Then,results by the three methods were compared.Results Of the 1040 screened HIV positive samples,1007 were confirmed as HIV antibody positive by Western Blot test and was found that positive results by two rapid test reagents and ELISA reagent with S/CO≥1had 100% consistent rate.The 20 samples were indeterminate by Western Blot and tested as HIV viral load positive,which was found that positive results of two rapid test reagents and ELISA reagent with S/CO≥6reached a consistent rate of 100%.These results were consistent in all kinds of population.Conclusion Western Blot test can be substituted by the alternative strategy,i.e.HIV positive results detected by two rapid test reagents and ELISA reagent with S/CO≥6,with 100% consistent rate as those by Western Blot or HIV viral load.The alternative strategy for HIV antibody testing is feasible in all kinds of population as long as the quality of reagents can be assured.