南昌市高中生艾滋病短期健康教育效果评价

Effect evaluation of short-term AIDS health education to high school students

目的了解高中生在短期健康教育前后艾滋病知识知晓程度及态度的改变,评价健康教育的效果。方法在南昌市13个县区随机抽取13所高中,根据年级分层整群抽样,对被抽到的学生进行问卷调查。结果健康教育前后分别抽取3 846名和3 641名高中生,高中生健康教育后艾滋病知识总体知晓率为63.4%,较健康教育前的34.2%有很大提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。健康教育前基础知识知晓率为69.0%,健康教育后为82.9%,在4部分艾滋病知识中知晓率最高。不同年级(P=0.00)、父亲文化程度(P=0.00)和艾滋病知识获取途径得分(P=0.00),对艾滋病知识知晓均有影响。不同性别高中生的艾滋病危险行为存在统计学差异,P=0.00。结论健康教育后相关知识知晓率显著增加,歧视态度减少,但存在危险行为,应在高中阶段积极开展艾滋病健康教育,做好预防工作。

Objective To investigate the high school students＇ knowledge level of AIDS before and after health education and the changes of their attitude towards people with HIV/AIDS,and to evaluate the effects of health education. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was performed to recruit 3 846 and 3 641 students respectively in the base-line survey and the survey for effect evaluation.Results After the health education,the percentage of cognition about AIDS reached 63.4%,better than 34.2% before health education,with statistical significance（p0.01）.The score and awareness rate of the basic AIDS knowledge was also increasing from 69.0%before to 82.9% after the health education,the highest among the 4parts of AIDS knowledge.Different grades,educational levels of the parents,and ways of acquired AIDS knowledge had effects on the awareness rate.Gender difference was found in the HIV risk behaviors. Conclusion The knowledge and the attitude significantly increase after health education.However,HIV risk behaviors still exist.Health education should be actively carried out for HIV/AIDS prevention.