我国旅游公共服务体系的构建及优化研究——基于新加坡与中国香港经验及上海案例分析

Construction and Improvement of China's Tourism Public Service System: Based on the Analysis of Experience of Singapore and Hong Kong and the Case of Shanghai

上海迪士尼度假区于2016年6月开业,每年将增加1 000万左右游客量;预计我国出游人次要从2014年的37.265 9亿人次,增加到2020年的61.23亿人次。显然,日益增长的巨大游客量迫切需要我国加强旅游公共服务体系。本文运用福利经济学、新制度经济学、市场失灵理论研究了旅游市场机制与政府提供的旅游公共服务之间的关系,并依据新制度经济学、市场失灵理论与《中华人民共和国旅游法》构建了我国旅游公共服务体系并说明了其主要内容。在上述基础上,本文借鉴世界著名旅游城市新加坡与中国香港的成功经验,说明了上海旅游公共服务体系优化的任务与举措,以及我国旅游公共服务体系优化的方向。

Shanghai will embrace 10 million visitors added annually with the opening of Shanghai Disney Resort in spring 2016. The expected number of visitors of Chinese residents will increase from 3.73 billion in 2014 to 6.12 billion in 2020. The increasing number of huge visitors requires to improve China's public service system. The objectives of the present thesis were as follows: in order to better play the role of the market in resource allocation and the government, the thesis constructed China's tourism public service system, analyzed the world famous cities' successful tourism public service experiences of both Singapore and Hong Kong, and made suggestions of improving Shanghai and China's tourism public service system. The thesis comprehensively used theoretical analytical method, case study method and survey method. Through applying welfare economics, new institutional economics and market failure theory to the research, this thesis studied the relationship between market mechanism and the governmental public service, and then constructed the system and main contents of China's tourism public service by combining the new theories and the Tourism Law of People's Republic of China. Furthermore, through referring to the successful experiences of Singapore and Hong Kong in the field of tourism public service, the thesis demonstrated the tasks, actions and directions for improvement of China's tourism public service system. The conclusions of the thesis were the improvements of the follwing eight systems of China's tourism public service system:(a)the system of saving tourism resource and protecting tourism environment;(b)the system of regulation and supervision of tourism market;(c)the system of tourism coordination;(d)the system of tourism planning, statistics and policy;(e)the system of collection and allocation of tourism development fund;(f)the system of tourism destination service and promotion;(g)the system of developing tourism human resource;(h)the social governance system of tourism safety and quality.