彬县大佛寺砂岩质文物风化机理及保护对策

Weathering Mechanism and Protection Measures of Big Buddhist Temple in Binxian County

世界文化遗产彬县大佛寺历经千年凿建而成,其石刻雕塑具有极高的艺术历史和科学价值,承载着博大精深的精神财富。抢救保护,长久传承,具有不可估量的社会效益。而随着物理及化学风化的作用,存在表面风化、剥落等病害现象。文中借助X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)、扫描电镜(SEM)、偏光显微镜、离子色谱仪等材料表征技术分析砂岩质文物风化机理,有助于科学的保护工作。

Through thousands years of building, stone sculptures with different poses in Big Bud- dhist Temple in Binxian County which was named the world cultural heritage have historical and scien- tific value, and boasts a broad range of profound spiritual wealth. Inheritance and protection has immea- surable social benefits. With the physical and chemical weathering, there existed surface weathering, peeling and other hazardous phenomena. In this paper, the scientific protection work is assisted by means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry （XRF）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, analysis of the mechanism of mass cultural relic diseases sandstone characterization technique of polarized light microscopy, ion chromatography and other materials.