西藏拉萨城区黄嘴朱顶雀的巢及巢址选择

Preliminary Report on Nest-site Selection by Carduelis flavirostris in Urban Area of Lhasa

2015年3—6月,在拉萨城区采用样方法和直接观察法对黄嘴朱顶雀Carduelis flavirostris的巢址选择进行了调查研究。共收集了32个巢,其中93.75%的巢筑在乔木上,雪松Cedrus deodara占65.63%,侧柏Platycladus orientalis占12.50%,青海云杉Picea crassifolia占12.50%,垂柳Salix babylonica占3.13%,6.25%的巢筑在灌木紫叶李Prunus cerasifera上。黄嘴朱顶雀的巢多筑于巢树主干与侧枝的交界处,且在巢树上的位置以向南为主,占40.6%,其次是向东,占28.1%。通过主成分分析,发现影响黄嘴朱顶雀巢址选择的主要环境因子包括巢树树种、巢树高度、巢树胸径、木本植物的覆盖度、巢离水源与公路的距离、巢离巢树主干的距离以及巢向。

The nest-site selection of twite（ Carduelis flavirostris） was investigated and studied by quadrate sampling and direct observation method in Lhasa urban area from March to June in 2015. A total of 32 nests were collected,and 93. 75%of which were set on macrophanerophytes,with 65. 63% were on the Cedrus deodara,12. 50% on Platycladus orientalis,12. 50% on Picea crassifolia,3. 13% on Salix babylonica,and 6. 25% on bush of Prunus cerasifera. The nests of twite were mainly set at the junction of the trunk and lateral branches,and most of the nests were on the south part of nesting trees,which accounted for 40. 6%,while 28. 1% were on the east part. By principal component analysis,it was found that the main environmental factors which affected C. flavirostris＇ s nest-site selection included nest tree species,nest tree height,nest tree diameter at breast height,the coverage of woody plants,the distance between nest tree to water and road,the distance from nest to the trunk of nest tree and nest direction.