基于三维激光扫描技术的出水文物形态监测

Morphology Monitoring of Cultural Relic out of the Water based on 3D Laser Scanning Technology

近年来,三维激光扫描技术得到快速发展,在文物的形态监测领域的应用逐步深入.针对出水木质碎片体量小、材质易碎易破、自身形状不规则及出水后所处环境的骤变对其形态影响的方向、层级不易确定等问题,通过使用便携式关节臂三坐标测量机,对木质碎块不同时相的点云数据进行采集、精细三维建模、三维基准点确立、模型比较分析,探讨了三维激光扫描技术在出水船体木质文物形态监测中的应用.实验结果表明,以此提取不同时相木质碎块在相同位置的点、线、整体变形,精度可靠,可以为精巧细致文物的形态监测提供技术依据.

With the rapid development of 3D laser scanning technology in recent years, 3D laser scanning is being further studied and applied in morphological monitoring of cultural relics. According to the specific characteristics of woody relics debris recovered from underwater, such as smaller size, brittle and cracky material, irregular shape, uncertainty of influence direction and level of sudden environmental change on its morphology and so on, portable articulated arm 3D measuring machine is utilized in this project for the 3D point cloud data acquisition, fine 3D modeling, 3D datum points establishment and model comparative analysis. Experimental results show that precision of the point, line and whole deformation of multi-temporal wooden pieces data acquired through 3D laser scanning is so high that it can be a reliably technical basis for the monitoring of the delicate and meticulous cultural relics.