LNG城际客车运营过程中碳排放特性的研究

Carbon Emission Characteristics of LNG Intercity Bus Operation

本文通过开发的智能数据采集车载终端与燃耗仪,采集获取了大量城际客车运行数据,对比分析出LNG城际客车与柴油城际客车的碳排放特性。考虑到车辆尾气排放中CO与HC以及碳烟的含量相对于CO_2属微小量,因此在进行LNG客车和柴油客车碳排放研究时忽略了CO、HC和碳烟中碳排放量。通过所采集的燃料消耗量数据以及燃料单位体积的含碳量,假定完全燃烧运用碳平衡法计算得出碳排放因子与客车能耗的关系,进而得到LNG客车相对于柴油客车的百公里CO_2减排量;通过对LNG车辆数据的整理分析,得出所考察的10辆LNG客车的行驶速度、载客率以及客运周转量的分布情况,并分析了三者与CO_2排放因子的关系。研究结果可为LNG城际客车的经济合理运营提供指导。

In order to compare the carbon emission characteristics between LNG and diesel in- tercity buses, intelligent data collecting terminals and fuel consumption measurement equipment are developed to acquire the massive driving database of intercity buses. CO, HC and soot in exhaust e- missions can be ignored in the study of LNG and diesel buses since the amount of CO, HC and soot is relatively small compared with CO2. Assumption of complete combustion is made and carbon bal- ance is used to generalize the relationship between the carbon emission factor and energy consump- tion; furthermore, the decreased CO2 amount of LNG buses per 100km in comparison with the diesel buses is cultivated through the collected fuel consumption data and carbon content of fuel per unit. Finally, the distributions of the speed, passenger load percentage and passenger traffic volume of 10 LNG buses and their relationships with CO2 emission factor are visualized by analyzing the LNG vehicles＇ data. The results could be used as a guideline to standardize operations of the LNG in- tercity buses.