民国前中期交通大学实验室建设概述(1921～1937)

An Overview of Jiao Tong University Laboratory Construction in the Former and Middle Periods of Republic of China (1921-1937)

20世纪二、三十年代是交通大学建设中国著名高等理工学府的关键时期,为工程教育所倚重的实验室建设提供了重要的历史机遇。从发展阶段上来说,1921~1927年隶属北洋政府交通部时期,受到政局动荡、经费支绌、校务动荡等因素的影响,实验室建设与设备扩充虽屡有规划,但无长足进步,投入与规模始终有限;从1928年改隶南京国民政府铁道部后,随着办学经费的逐年递升,理、工、管相结合的学科布局的完成,推动了实验室建设步入了新的高峰。至1937年,各工程学科实验室门类齐全、数量可观、质量优胜,各类设备仪器亦是博采先进,精益求精,基本确立了老交大实验室建设的格局。

For Jiao Tong university,1920s-1930 s was a key period of becoming a famous Chinese higher polytechnic university. It also provided an important opportunity for the laboratory construction on which the engineering education relies. In the period of 1921-1927,Jiao Tong University was affiliated to the ministry of communications of Beiyang government. Although the university often planned to embark on the laboratory construction and equipment expansion,but the investment and scale were always limited due to the influence of the political turmoil,shortage of funds and general instability. With the ascending of funds and the discipline layout of combination of science,engineering,management since 1928,the laboratory construction of Jiao Tong University had entered a peak. Until 1937,many laboratories of engineering disciplines were completed with full range,considerable quantity,and superior quality. Many laboratories held variously advanced instruments. All of these established a pattern of laboratory construction before the founding of the People＇s Republic of China.