鼎革之际:沈家本的民国元年——辛亥革命后清朝旧员的生活与心境

At the Turn of New and Old Eras: Shen Jiaben in the First Year of Republic of China—— Experience of People from the Qing Dynasty after the Revolution of 1911

沈家本在民国元年的经历,不仅呈现了中国法律发展史上的一位关键人物对辛壬鼎革的观察与感受,包括朝礼、服色、历法等方面;而且蕴含着历史人物个体与转折时代交融互动的诸多信息,如辛亥革命爆发后清廷司法中枢人员变动频繁、新旧政权交接的诸多矛盾冲突、革故与鼎新之间错综复杂的关系,等等。作为前清的法界领袖与政权更迭的亲历者,沈家本除了感受时局变动、纷扰之外,其实更多的是介于历史台前与幕后、中心与边缘之间的一位垂暮老者"不复与政界相周旋"的静默,对于政治,有关心而无参与,这为鼎革之际的历史变动提供了舒缓深沉的底色。

What Shen Jiaben experienced in the first year of the Republic of China actually represented what those key figures in the history of Chinese law development observed and felt during that period. It included various aspects such as roy- al court courtesy, finery color and calendar. Moreover, it contained a great deal of information about the interaction between historical figures and the transitional era, for instance, frequent staff changes in the judicial courts of the Qing Dynasty after the outbreak of the Revolution, numerous contradictions and conflicts in the old and new regime transfer, complicated relation- ship at the turn of new and old eras. As a leading figure of the Qing dynasty judicial circle and an eye-witness of government transfer, Shen Jiaben experienced and keenly felt the impact of political change and social transformation. He was in a more precise sense a man in old age, who retired from the spot light and disappeared behind the scenes. He became a silent spec- tator, ＂no longer having anything to do with the political circles＂.