监管人工智能系统：风险、挑战、能力和策略

REGULATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS: RISKS, CHALLENGES, COMPETENCIES, AND STRATEGIES

[内容摘要]人类现在处于一个智能机器的时代,人工智能技术成为了新一代科技革命的标志。人工智能技术的进步,在给人类社会带来巨大益处的同时,也成为一个重大的公共危险源,给政府监管和法律责任承担带来了挑战。在监管人工智能带来的公共危险时,立法机构、行政机关和法院各有所长。通过制定专门的人工智能监管法,成立人工智能监管机构,并基于侵权责任法引入人工智能审批机制,对于获得审批的AI系统,适用过错责任,对于未获审批的AI系统,适用严格责任,才可能建构一条监管人工智能的可行路径。

Human beings are now living in the age of intelligent machines, artificial intelligence becomes the symbol of a new scientific and technological revolution. Advancements in artificial intelligence technology bring great benefits to human society, and at the same time, artificial intelligence itself becomes a significant public risk source, causing new challenges regarding the government＇ s regulation and the assumption of legal liability. In the process of regulating the public risks brought by artificial intelligence, the legislature, the courts, the executive branch, each has its own merits. Only through the construction of a special artificial intelligence supervision law, establishing the artificial intelligence supervision agency; together with the introduction of artificial intelligence approval mechanism based on tort liability law the fault liability principle to the approved AI system and the strict liability principle to the unapproved AI systems, can a feasible approach of regulating artificial intelligence be constructed.