政府与社会资本合作(PPP)模式利益协调机制研究

Research on Coordination for the Interests of Public-private Partnership Model

PPP利益关系的协调既是政府与社会资本关注的焦点,也是政府与社会资本长期稳定合作的基础。面对PPP模式所蕴含的利益关系多元化与动态化问题,需要从具体的PPP利益形态中抽象出"基本利益关系类型",即公私利益竞合关系、契约与非契约利益互补关系和多层次利益共生关系,正视基本利益关系存在由竞争性合作异化为破裂、互补关系异化为互斥、共生关系异化为疏离的风险并设计出防范的制度措施。文章以"基本利益关系类型"的正反两面为分析框架,指出PPP基本利益关系异化的根源及危害,提出"阻却异化是PPP利益协调机制价值所在"的观点。基于"基本利益关系"的竞合、互补与共生的逻辑思路,建构以制度保障、契约与非契约约束和自我控制为核心的"三位一体"PPP利益协调机制。

Coordination in interests of PPP projects is not only the focus of the governments and the social capital, but also the foundation of long and steady public-private partnership. Facing the diversification and dynamics of the interests of PPP, we need to abstract the ＂basic interests＂ pattern from specific PPP interests forms, namely the coopetition between public and private interests, the complementary relationship between contract and non-contract interests and the multilevel interests symbiotic relationship, face up to lots of risks, which are the alienation of the basic interests from competitive cooperation to rupture, from complementary relationship to mutual exclusion and from symbiotic relationship to dispersing state, and design institutional measures against these risks. Based on the two sides of the basic interests, this paper points out the roots and damage of the alienation of the basic interests of PPP, and affirms that alienation obstructed is the value of PPP coordination mechanism. In terms of logic map of the coopetition, complementary and symbiotic basic interests, it constructs the ＂trinity＂ coordination mechanism of PPP interests, which regards the system guarantee, contract and non-contract constraints and self-control as the core.