肾脏水通道蛋白2的短时调控机制研究进展

Research progress in short-term regulation of renal aquaporin-2

肾脏集合管细胞通过水通道蛋白2(aquaporin-2,AQP2)调控水的重吸收进而调控机体的水代谢平衡。AQP2主要分布于集合管主细胞的管腔侧质膜及细胞内囊泡内,精氨酸加压素(arginine vasopressin,AVP)可刺激其由囊泡转移至质膜,这种AQP2的再分布过程被称为AQP2的短时调控,也被称作囊泡穿梭机制。其过程涉及多种分子机制,包括AQP2的磷酸化、激酶锚定蛋白、磷酸二酯酶、细胞骨架、钙离子、细胞膜的锚定以及胞吞作用等。本文就AQP2囊泡穿梭机制的研究进展作一综述。

Aquaporin-2（AQP2）water channels in principal cells of the kidney collecting duct are essential for water reabsorption and the balance of water metabolism of the body.AQP2 is abundant in the apical plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles of collecting duct principal cells.Arginine vasopressin（AVP）can stimulate the translocation of AQP2 from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane,which is the so-called short-term regulation or traffic of AQP2.Several molecular mechanisms underlying the traffic of AQP2 have been identified,including phosphorylation of AQP2,a kinase anchoring protein,phosphodiesterase（PDE）,cytoskeleton participation,calcium participation,anchoring and endocytosis cell membrane.This review introduced the recent research advances in the mechanisms of the traffic of AQP2.