可充电传感网中充电总量高的能量补给策略研究

High Performance Energy Replenishment Strategies in Rechargeable Sensor Networks

在可充电传感器网络中,通常采用移动式无线充电车定期在网络中游走为节点补充能量,以保证网络的持久运作.但是,移动充电车如何在延迟限定的情况下为尽可能多的节点补充能量是一个具有挑战性的问题.提出一个新的算法MTER(Maximize Total Energy Replenishment).首先,为防止节点死亡,在网络中选出能量水平低于警戒线的节点作为初步充电目标.然后,给每个未被选为充电目标的节点赋予一个权值.节点"权值"越高,代表选择这个节点可以使充电车用更短的路径补充更多的能量.在限定的路径长度下,充电车不断选择高"权值"节点作为充电目标,提高充电车每轮的能量补给总量,从而降低充电车的充电频率.此外,设计了一种分布式的算法,使算法更具实用性.仿真结果表明,与目前已有的算法相比,MTER算法可以在保证网络持久运作的情况下有效提高充电车每轮的能量补给总量,并降低网络的数据收集能耗.

In rechargeable wireless sensor network, usually use a mobile wireless charging vehicle （ MWCV） to ramble in the network for charging the nodes with low energy, which ensures the persistent operation of the network. However, it is challenge to maximize the total energy replenishment within limited latency. In this paper, a novel algorithm named MTER （ Maximize Total Energy Replenish- ment） is proposed. Firstly,choose the nodes that energy level is lower than the cordon as the initial charging target,which ensure the energy of all the nodes could maintain for more than a round. Then, give a weight to every node that has not been selected as the char- ging target. The higher ＂weight＂ means that MWCV can replenishment more energy with a shorter path. In a limited path length, MWCV keeping choose high ＂weight＂ node as charging target, which improved the total energy replenishment of each round, so as to reduce the MWCV＇s charging frequency. In addition, we design a distributed algorithm, which makes the algorithm more practical. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that, comparing with existing works, MTER algorithm can ensure the persistent opera- tion of the network meanwhile improves a round＇s total energy replenishment, and lower total energy consumption of data collection.