面向人群疏散仿真的双层关系机制驱动的社会力模型

Crowd Evacuation Simulation Oriented Social Force Model Driven by Two-Layer Relationships Mechanism

原始社会力模型中个体间无联系、无交互,不能体现现实生活中人与人之间的社会联系,针对这一缺陷,提出双层关系机制,底层结合改进的社会力模型指导个体运动.从三个方面对社会力模型进行改进:通过加入视觉因子消除行人视觉域之外个体造成的吸引;结合引领关系与社会关系,对原有受力公式添加关系聚合力,实现群组效应;通过初始化距离控制的关系分组策略防止远距离、近关系个体聚集.仿真实验表明改进后的模型能够实现疏散过程中行人在有引领者带领行进的大群组中彼此交互,找到关系亲近的人相互靠近,聚集成小团体的现象,并且有序地疏散,提高了整体的疏散效率.

Pedestrians are isolated without relationships or communication in the original social force model, which can＇ t describe so- cial relationships between individuals in real life. According to this defect a two-layer relationships mechanism is proposed, and use the underlying amendatory social force model to guide individual movement. Three aspects are raised to improve social force model. First, the effect of other individuals who are out of pedestrian ＇ s view field is removed by introducing visual impact factor. Second, under two-layer relationships which combine leader relationships with social relationships, the group effect is realized by adding aggregate force to the original formula. Third, the phenomenon that pedestrians who are close in relationship but far away in distance gather to- gether is limited by the premise of distance control when dividing groups. The experimental results show that the improved model can achieve the phenomenon which pedestrians move in the leader march, meanwhile, gather into small social group with people close to. What＇ s more, the whole efficiency of the evacuation is improved.