非洲戈壁地区铁路工程野生动物通道设置研究

Research on How to Set Up Wildlife Crossing across Railway in African Gobi Desert Region

针对非洲戈壁地区铁路工程在设计和环境影响评价阶段,因缺乏区域内动物详细分布和活动状况的长期观测和研究成果而难以准确设置野生动物通道的问题,文章以新建埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴至吉布提铁路为例,利用资料收集、走访、实地调查等方法,调查当地野生动物的类型、生活习性、活动规律和沿线植被及水源分布情况,并类比青藏铁路的动物通道利用效果,初步确定动物通道的设置位置、类型、规格并加以研究,论证通道的可行性,为非洲戈壁地区铁路工程野生动物通道的设置提供了一种思路和方法。

During the railway engineering design and environmental assessment for African Gobi desert region, due to lack of detailed distribution of animals, long-term observation and research result of activity status, it is difficult to accurately set the wildlife channel. In this paper, taking Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway line in Ethiopiaas an example, by using the methods of data collection, visits and field survey, etc. the type of local wildlife, living habits, activity regularity, the vegetation and water distribution along the line are investigated, through the analogy of utilization effect of animal channel of Qinghai-Tibet railway, the location, types, specifications of animal channel are preliminarily determined and studied, the feasibility of the channel is proved. It provides a concept and method for setting wildlife channel in African railway engineering construction.