武汉市0～6岁儿童骨密度现状及相关影响因素调查

Current situation of bone mineral density and investigation of related influencing factors in 0-6-year-old children in Wuhan city

目的了解武汉市0~6岁儿童骨密度现状,初步探讨儿童骨密度的相关影响因素。方法调查2015年4-10月武汉市区1 024名0~6岁儿童的骨健康相关因素,采用骨密度测量仪检测其左侧胫骨中段的骨密度,并进行体格检查,采用多因素Logistic回归分析研究骨密度的相关影响因素。结果 1 024名儿童中,骨密度正常854名(83.40%)、骨密度减低170名(16.60%),其中轻度骨密度减低112名(10.94%),中度骨密度减低46名(4.49%),严重骨密度减低12名(1.17%)。儿童骨密度减低与年龄、身高、体重、喂养方式、户外活动、活动水平及补充维生素D有关(均P<0.05),与性别无关(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:<1岁龄、身高发育缓慢、体重发育缓慢、混合喂养、户外活动少、静多动少、未补充维生素D是儿童骨密度减低的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论武汉市0~6岁儿童骨密度异常发生率较高,临床应针对其危险因素加强早期预防,从而降低骨密度异常发生率。

Objective To understand the current status of bone mineral density（BMD） in 0-6-year-old children in Wuhan city,preliminarily explore the related influencing factors.Methods The related factors of bone health in 1 024 children aged 0-6 years old in urban area of Wuhan city from April to October in 2015 were surveyed,BMD measuring instrument was used to detect BMD of middle of left tibia,physical examination was conducted,multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the related influencing factors of BMD.Results Among 1 024 children,854 children（83.40%） were found with normal BMD,170 children（16.60%） were found with low BMD,including 112 mild children（10.94%）,46 moderate children（4.49%）,and 12 severe children（1.17%）.Low BMD of children was correlated with age,height,weight,feeding modes,outdoor activities,activity level,and supplementation of vitamin D（P〈0.05）,which was not correlated with gender（P〉0.05）.Multivariate regression analysis showed that under one year,slow development of height,slow development of weight,mixed feeding,less outdoor activities,less exercise,lack of vitamin D were the risk factors of low BMD in children（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The incidence rate of abnormal BMD is high in children aged 0-6 years old in Wuhan city,early prevention should be strengthened targeting to the risk factors to reduce the incidence rate of abnormal BMD.