酶光耦合催化系统转化CO_2研究进展

Integrated enzyme-photocatalysis system for carbon dioxide conversion

地球上的能量主要来源于太阳光辐射,绿色植物及微生物通过光合作用吸收光能,经过光电催化过程和多酶催化过程,将CO_2转化为碳水化合物.基于仿生思想,模拟光合作用中酶光协同催化过程,构建酶光耦合系统,利用酶催化过程进行CO_2转化,利用光催化过程提供能量及电子,协调优化酶催化和光催化过程,实现CO_2高效绿色转化,可有效调节因化石燃料过度使用引起的碳循环失衡.酶光耦合催化系统构建过程简便,催化产物种类可控,为生物催化在化工、能源、环境等领域的应用提供了范例.本文从单酶催化和多酶催化角度分别介绍了两类酶催化系统转化CO_2的研究现状,从电子传递角度介绍了辅酶依赖型和辅酶非依赖型酶光耦合催化系统的研究进展.最后,对本领域发展现状和趋势进行了简要总结和展望.

As is well known,solar radiation is the primary energy source on the earth.Green plants/microorganisms have evolved efficient photosystems to convert CO2 into carbohydrates through accurately regulating the photosynthesis process,i.e.,the photoelectrocatalytic process and multienzyme catalytic process.Inspired by photosynthesis,integrated enzyme-photocatalysis systems are constructed to convert CO2 for balancing the carbon cycle,which is negatively influenced by the excessive burning of fossil fuels.From technological viewpoint,the biggest merit of this system should be that the incorporation of photocatalysis could offer electrons and energy to the enzyme catalysis,thus ensuring the efficient and sustainable conversion of CO2.The facile construction process and controllable product diversity confer the enzyme-photocatalysis system with promising potentials in the fields of chemical engineering,energy and environment.In this review,we first provide the state-of-the-art routes for the catalytic conversion of CO2 by single-enzyme systems and multi-enzyme systems.Then,we introduce the cofactor-dependent enzyme-photocatalysis system and cofactor-independent enzyme-photocatalysis system based on the difference in electron transfer routes.Finally,the current development and future perspective of the enzyme-photocatalysis system for the conversion of CO2are summarized.