评价性事实在刑事责任赋予中的意涵——以原因自由行为的犯罪构造难题为例

The liability-Imputing Implication of Institutional Fact——Taking Actio Libera In Cause as Starting Point

一般情况下的刑事责任赋予都是以实在论事实作为基础的,但在原因自由行为的场合,如果一味坚持实在论事实观会导致"(实在)犯罪事实=应受刑法谴责"这种一般等式关系断裂,因而无法合理论证原因自由行为的犯罪构造。而在这一难题解决过程当中,评价性事实观代替实在论事实观已经成为理论上的现实。不同于客观实在的犯罪事实,评价性事实的主要特点在于将前者意义上的"无"评价为"有"。为防止肆意归罪,"相当性原则下的紧密因果关联"是可兹凭借的评价标准。

Normally,we base objective realism fact to decide whether a man is guilty. However,in the situation of Actio libera in cause,the objective realism fact conception makes trouble： the usual equation-（ objective realism） criminal facts = should be punished- will be destructed. So we can＇t give the actor punishment that he（ or she） deserved. To solve this problem,replacing the usual objective realism fact conception with institutional fact is becoming theoretical reality. The main effect of institutional fact conception is transforming objective none to being. In order to prevent the over conviction situation during this process,the standard of adequately closed causal relationship ＇ should be considered when decide whether criminal liability should be imposed according to institutional fact.