某市2014年恶性肿瘤死亡现况分析

An Analysis on the Death Situation of Malignant Tumor Patients in 2014 in Urumqi

目的了解某市2014年恶性肿瘤死亡的流行特征,为肿瘤的预防控制提供科学依据。方法根据某市肿瘤登记处登记的2014年某市恶性肿瘤死亡资料,按性别、年龄别与肿瘤别进行死亡率分层,结合某市2014年人口数据,统计分析某市恶性肿瘤粗死亡率、中标率及世标率等指标。标化率采用2000年全国人口普查和Segi’s标准人口结构为标准。结果某市2014年肿瘤登记调查覆盖729 212人,恶性肿瘤死亡病例673例,恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为92.29/10万,男性108.05/10万,女性77.00/10万,中标率为54.58/10万,世标率为53.77/10万。男性恶性肿瘤粗死亡率高于女性(χ~2=19.06,P<0.001)。气管、支气管与肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、胆囊癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌、白血病、乳腺癌、食管癌是某市主要的肿瘤死因,约占全部肿瘤死亡病例的75.49%。从35岁左右开始死亡率随着年龄增长而升高,65岁以后急剧快速上升,男性上升幅度大于女性,85岁以上组达到高峰。胆囊癌女性高于男性,但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.63,P=0.43)。男性肺癌含气管、支气管与肝癌死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。消化器官、呼吸器官是肿瘤死亡的主要两大系统部位。结论某市恶性肿瘤死亡率略低于全国水平,应加强肿瘤综合防控措施,有效降低某市肿瘤死亡率。

Objectives To investigate the epidemic features of malignant tumor in Urumqi in 2014, so as to provide a scientific evidence for cancer prevention and control. Methods According to the death materials of malignant tumor patients registered in the cancer registration in Urumqi in 2014, to conduct an descript analysis include of morbidity stratified by gender, age group and cancer site. Combined with the data of Urumqi＇s population in 2014, the indexes, including the crude mortality, age-specific mortality, age-standard mortality by Chinese population and by world population were calculated respectively. Results The tumor registration investigation included 729 212 people in Urumqi in 2014, in which there were 673 death cases of malignant tumors. The mortality of cancer was 92.29/10^5 108.05/10^5 in male, 77.00/10^5in female, and the age -standard mortality by Chinese population and by world population were 54.58/10^5 and 53.77/10^5 respectively. Male cancer mortality rate is higher than female （X2=19.06, P〈0. 001）, Lung cancer including the trachea and bronchi, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, gallbladder, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemia, breast cancer, esophageal cancer accounted for 75.49% of all cancer deaths. Starting from the age of 35, the death rate was increasing with age, rapidly rising sharply, the 65 years old male rise more than female, more than 85 -years-old group. The height of the gallbladder women more than men, but there was no statistically significant difference （X2=0. 63, X2=-0. 43）. Lung （including trachea, bronchi） and liver cancer mortality in men than women, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0. 001）. The digestive and respiratory organs were the main systems of death tumors. Conclusions The mortality of malignant tumor in Urumqi was lower than national level shghtly. We should strengthen the comprehensive measures of cancer prevention and control so as to decrease the mortality of malignant tumors.