肺泡巨噬细胞的研究进展

Progress in Alveolar Macrophages

肺泡巨噬细胞(alveolar macrophages,AM)在维持肺部免疫系统稳态以及宿主防御的过程中扮演着重要的角色。起源于胚胎单核细胞的肺泡巨噬细胞依赖于粒细胞–巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor,GM-CSF)信号通路的调控进行自我更新。在生理条件下,肺泡巨噬细胞作为哨兵维持组织稳态。在炎症条件下,肺泡巨噬细胞可以由骨髓来源的造血干细胞补充,并且能够参与调节炎症反应过程。肺泡巨噬细胞在一些肺部疾病中发挥着重要的作用。该文就肺泡巨噬细胞的起源、发展、功能及其在一些肺部疾病中作用的研究进展作一综述。

Alveolar macrophages（AM） play a central role in maintaining immunological homoeostasis and host defence in the lung. Alveolar macrophages, which are originated from fetal monocytes cells, depend on the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor（GM-CSF） to self-renew. Under physiological conditions, alveolar macrophages function as sentinels to maintain homeostasis. Under pathological conditions, alveolar macrophages can also be replenished by bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and can participate in regulating inflammation reaction process. Alveolar macrophages play an important role in airway diseases. This review highlights the origin, development and functions of alveolar macrophages, as well as their roles in pulmonary diseases.