钵苗机插水稻高产配套栽培技术研究

High-yield Cultivation Technique of Machining Planted Seedlings from Pot

[目的]研究了钵苗机插水稻高产配套栽培中的技术要点。[方法]研究了钵苗机插穴盘每孔播种量对甬优2650成苗和产量构成因素的影响,不同育苗基质对武运粳27成苗孔率和栽插成苗孔率的影响,以及2种种植方式(钵苗机插、毯苗机插)对水稻品种Ⅱ优118和武运粳27生育期、茎蘖动态和产量的影响。[结果]钵苗摆栽每孔播种量必须保证单孔播种量在4粒以上。采用细土拌细沙、细土拌稻壳、细土拌基质的处理都可以明显提高水稻的成苗孔率,而细土拌细沙、细土拌土壤粘结剂的处理提高栽插成苗孔率的效果较好。与毯苗机插相比,钵苗机插水稻播期明显提早,总生育期明显延长,茎蘖成穗率明显提高。Ⅱ优118和武运粳27的实收产量钵苗机插比毯苗机插分别增产10.5%、12.1%。[结论]该试验为探索钵苗机插高产配套栽培技术途径提供了理论参考。

[ Objective ] To research the key techniques of high-yield cultivation of machining planted seedlings from pot. [ Method ] We researched the effects of seeding quantity on survival seedling rate and yield component factors, the effects of seedling-raising substrate on the percentage of holes with survival seedlings, the effects of two planting modes （ machining planting of potted seedlings, machining planting of carpet seedlings） on the growth period, tillering dynamics and yield of II you 118 and Wuyunjing 27. [ Result ] Seeding quantity of each hole should be more than 4 seeds. Fine soil mixed with fine sand, fine soil mixed with rice hulls, fine soil mixed with substrate could significantly enhanced the percentage of holes with survival seedlings ;while fine soil mixed with fine sand, fine soil mixed with soil binder showed better effects on increasing the percentage of holes with transplanted seedlings. Compared with machining planting of carpet seedlings, machining planting of potted seedlings had earlier rice sowing date, longer growth period and higher earing rate. The actual yields of II you 118 and Wuyunjing 27 by machining planting of carpet seedlings increased by 10.5% and 12.1% compared with machining planting of carpet seedlings, respectively. [ Conclusion ] This research provides theoretical references for the high-yield cultivation of machining planted seedlings from pet.