湖北贫困地区儿童营养状况分析

Analysis of nutritional status among children in poverty-stricken areas of Hubei province

目的分析贫困地区儿童营养状况特点及其与贫困的关系,为改善贫困地区儿童健康状况提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样原则,对湖北四大贫困片区0~17岁儿童的营养状况展开问卷调查。使用SPSS18.0对所有数据进行处理和分析。结果贫困地区儿童生长迟缓及消瘦发生率均为8.5%,而贫血患病率高达33.3%。安全饮水和卫生设施贫困与儿童生长迟缓,经济贫困、教育贫困、健康剥夺和信息剥夺与儿童消瘦呈显著相关,除安全饮水外的各贫困维度均与儿童贫血呈显著相关(P<0.05)。儿童生长迟缓、消瘦及贫血存在独立相关关系。结论贫困地区儿童营养状况不容乐观,其发生与贫困各维度均密切相关,解除贫困是改善儿童健康状况的关键措施。

Objective To analyse the characteristics of nutritional status,and association with poverty,and to provide scientific basis for improving children＇s nutritional status in poverty-stricken areas. Methods 0-17 years-old children in 4 800 rural families of four impoverished areas were selected as this subjects,and 4 621 families completed the interview,the completion rate was 96.3%.Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was applied and SPSS18.0 was adopted for data processing and analysis. Results The incidence rate of growth retardation and emaciation rate was 8.5%,and anemia prevalence rate was as high as 33.3% among underprivileged children.Safe drinking water and sanitation deprivation,anemia and emaciation were closely related to growth retardation in children.Economic and education deprivation,health and information deprivation,growth retardation and anemia were related to emaciation in children.All poverty except of safe drinking water was related to anemia in children （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The children＇s nutritional status is not optimistic in poor regions,and which is closely related to all dimensions of poverty,the key measures of improve children＇s nutritional status is to relieve poverty.