安徽省三个城市儿童矮小症患病率分析

Survey of the prevalence of short stature of children in three citys of Anhui province

目的研究安徽省7~12岁小学生身高分布特点及矮小症患病率,为本地儿童健康发展提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样抽取安徽省3个地区(北部宿州市、中部合肥市、南部池州市)7~12岁小学生共计6 082名,测量身高,分析身高的年龄、性别、城乡分布特点,并以2005年中国9省市儿童体格调查数据为标准,分析矮小症患病率分布特点。结果安徽省7~12岁儿童除11岁女生身高明显高于男生,余各年龄段女生身高均落后于男生。合肥市12岁男生,11、12岁女生身高明显高于宿州市,9、11岁男生身高落后于宿州市,余同年龄段合肥市与宿州市男生间、女生间身高差异无统计学意义。合肥市、宿州市相同年龄男女生身高均高于池州市。安徽省7~12岁儿童矮小症总患病率为2.83%,城市男女生矮小症患病率分别为2.32%、2.13%,乡村男女生矮小症患病率分别为3.15%、3.72%。同年龄、同性别池州市儿童身高明显落后于另两市,农村患病率明显高于城市。结论安徽省三地区尤其农村地区矮小症患病率仍较高,可为本地区儿童健康发展策略提供依据及矮小症临床干预提供参考。

Objective To investigate the body height distribution profile and prevalence of short stature of primary school students aged from 7 to 12 years old in Anhui province,and to provide basis for local children＇s health development. Methods Three areas （Suzhou city,Hefei city,Chizhou city） in Anhui were selected.6 082 urban and rural primary school students aged from 7 to 12 years old were recruited.Body heights were measured and evaluated using the nine cities＇ growth standard,the prevalence of short stature was calculated. Results In addition to 11 years old girls＇ height was significantly higher than that of boys,the rest of the age group of the girls were behind the height of the boys during children aged from 7 to 12 years old in AnHui province.In Hefei city,height of 12 years old boys and 11-12 years old girls were significantly higher than those of Suzhou city,height of 9 and 11 years old boys were shorter than those of Suzhou city.In the rest of the age group,there were no significant differences in Hefei and Suzhou city in the same gender group.Children＇s heights of Hefei and Suzhou city were higher than that of Chizhou city.The total prevalence of short stature in 7-12 years old children in Anhui province was 2.83%.The prevalence of short stature in boys and girls in urban areas respectively were 2.32% and 2.13%;Those in rural area were 3.15% and 3.72%.At the same age and gender group,children＇s height of Chizhou city was significantly behind the other two cities,the rate was significantly higher in rural area than that in urban area. Conclusions The prevalence of short stature is still higher in three areas of Anhui Province,especially in rural area.The study could provide basis for local children health development and provide reference for clinical intervention of short stature.