义符促进类别归纳推理的ERP证据

How Semantic Radical Support Inductive Reasoning-evidence from ERP Study

为了明确义符对归纳推理影响,本研究使用有义符和无义符汉字为材料,使用ERP技术考查义符对不同层级类别概念归纳推理的影响。行为结果显示,有义符条件下反应速度更快,肯定判断率更高。脑电指标上,P3阶段义符主效应显著,有义符条件下P3波幅更大;N1、N400和P600阶段义符与层级交互作用显著,组内简单效应分析显示,层级主效应仅在无义符条件下显著;组间简单效应分析显示,义符主效在N400和P600阶段仅在下-上推理条件下显著,无义符条件下,下-上推理引发更大的N400和P600波幅。这些结果表明,义符促进了归纳推理过程,这种促进主要表现在对下-上推理的促进。

Present study focused on how semantic radicals support inductive reasoning for hierarchical concepts. The present study used animal and plant nouns, organized in basic, snperordinate, and subordinate levels, half with a semantic radical and half without. Sixteen participants completed an inductive reasoning task. Behavioral and event - related potential （ERP） data were collected. Behavioral resuits showed that in the with - semantic - radical condition, participants reacted faster and more accurately than in the without - semantic - radical condition. For ERPs, main effect for semantic radical was found in P3 time window, with semantic group elicited larger P3 wave than which of without semantic group. Interaction of semantic radical and concept levels was found in N1, N400 and P600 time period, within group simple effect found that main effect of levels was only found in without semantic group; between group simple effect found that main effect of simple effect was only showed in subordinate - superordinate reasoning, larger N400 and P600 effect was showed in without semantic radical condition. Taken together, we conclude that semantic radicals facilitate reasoning for hierarchical category concepts, the facilitation may be mainly based on the enhancement for subordinate - supererdinate reasoning.