2013年以来中国养老地产的新政策分析

Analysis on New Policies of China Pension Real Estate Since 2013

中国养老地产面临用地地价高开发难、会籍销售等模式存在法律风险、高税负运营难等政策问题。2013年以来养老设施专地专用、低价供地、增加营利性养老机构税费优惠等新政出台,问题有所缓解。租地、划拨转出让、先租后让等推动了低价供地,但仍需在产品指标上规定精细化。税费新政仍引导企业以非营利机构运营养老项目。会籍、使用权销售的合法性在新政中仍未明晰,而养老行业融资渠道少是会籍销售问题的根源,需通过经济、金融等更广泛领域的政策协调解决。

China＇s pension real estate suffers from three policy dilemmas： high land price and difficult development, legal risk of membership sale, and high tax burden and difficult operation. Since 2013, the government has established new preferential policies to relieve the problems, such as special land for pension facilities, land supply at low price, increased tax benefits for for-profit pension institutions. Even though, the measures, like land lease, directly transfer and firstly lease after transfer, have facilitated land supply at low prices, detailed regulations for products still matter. New tax policies instruct enterprises to operate their pension projects in the form of non-profit organizations. However, the new policy has not defined the legitimacy for the sales of membership and right to use yet. The issues of few financing channels for the pension industry are the main source of the problem, and thereby the policy coordination in the broader field of economy, finance, etc., is necessary.