关于构建我国农村多层次综合性养老保险立法体系的思考

Thoughts on Constructing a Legislation System for Rural Multi-level Comprehensive Pension Insurance in China

我国农村经济发展不平衡,东部、中部与西部之间经济发展存在较大差距,就是在同一地区的不同村庄之间、同一村庄的相邻农户之间,收入水平和收入方式都存在很大差异。单一层次的养老保险模式很难照顾到农民的不同需求,总有一部分人存在更高水平的养老保险需求。因此,为了更全面地解决农民的养老问题,我们要贯彻普遍性和差别性相结合原则,不仅为全体农民提供保证其基本生存需求的基础养老保险,还要为收入水平高一些的农民提供更高层次的养老保障。即具体为农村居民构建以农民基础养老保险为主、以差别性职业养老保险和商业养老保险为补充的多层次综合性的养老保险立法体系,以适应经济条件的多元化和满足农民多层次的养老需求,也为将来实现养老保险城乡一体化打下基础。

The single-level pension insurance model can not meet the farmers' different demands because of the imbalanced development of rural economy and the gap among the farmers' incomes.Therefore,we should provide not only the basic pension insurance for the farmers as a whole but also the higher-level one for the better-off farmers.The article analyzes the issue in detail and puts forward some suggestions.